Comparison of high-intensity interval and continuous training effects on plasma levels of fibrinolytic factors in CAD patients

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Exercise physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Cardiovascular Specialist, Flushing Cardiovascular Interventions (International Cardiology), Yazd, Iran

Abstract

Background and Aim: The degradation of fibrinolysis is considered as a very important pathogenic factor in CAD progression ‌and different exercises improve the function of the fibrinolytic system in these patients in various ways. This study surveys the effects of two types of high intensity interval and continuous training on some fibrinolytic indicators - of CAD patients.
Materials and Method: A total of 30 volunteered eligible patients divided into three groups of interval training, continuous training, and control group and exercised for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week. Changes of TAFI antigene and the t-PA / PAI-1 complex were analysed by covariance test before and after the training period.
Results: There was no significant differences in changes of TAFI antigene between control and interval group as well as control and continuous group (p > 0/05) but the t-PA / PAI-1 complex in both interval groups (p = 0/001) And continuous (p = 0/001) had a significant decrease regarded to control group. Decrease of the TAFI anti-gene was significantly more than the continuous group (p = 0/028) , however, the reduction of t-PA / PAI-1 complex was significantly more than the periodic group (p = 0/024).
Conclusion: The interval and continuous training create desirable effects in the fibrinolytic system of CAD patients through a separate mechanism it might be concluded that applying both types of these two exercises is essential for improving performance of this system.

Keywords

References

1-Katritsis DG, Ioannidis JP. Percutaneous coronary intervention versus conservative therapy in nonacute coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Circulation. 2005;111(22):2906-12.
2-Gielen S, Schuler G, Hambrecht R. Exercise training in coronary artery disease and coronary vasomotion. Circulation. 2001;103(1):e1-e6.
3-Fletcher GF, Balady GJ, Amsterdam EA, Chaitman B, Eckel R, Fleg J, et al. Exercise standards for testing and training: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2001;104(14):1694-740.
4-Hematinafar M, Kordi M, Choubine M, Poupani S. Effects of 6 weeks high intensity interval training on fibrinolytic factors of young men. Oloum zisti varzeshi. (1391);3::78-89.
5-Buchan DS, Ollis S, Young JD, Thomas NE, Cooper SM, Tong TK, et al. The effects of time and intensity of exercise on novel and established markers of CVD in adolescent youth. American Journal of Human Biology. 2011;23(4):517-26.
6-Korninger C, Wagner O, Binder B. Tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor in human plasma: development of a functional assay system and demonstration of a correlating Mr= 50,000 antiactivator. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 1985;105(6):718-24.
8-El-Sayed MS, Ali ZE-S, Ahmadizad S. Exercise and training effects on blood haemostasis in health and disease. Sports medicine. 2004;34(3):181-200.
9-Womack CJ, Nagelkirk PR, Coughlin AM. Exercise-induced changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis in healthy populations and patients with cardiovascular disease. Sports medicine. 2003;33(11):795-807.
10-Hamsten A, Eriksson P. Fibrinolysis and atherosclerosis: an update. Fibrinolysis. 1994;8:253-62.
11-Weiss C, Velich T, Niebauer J, K?lberer B, Kübler W, B?rtsch P. Activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis after rehabilitative exercise in patients with coronary artery disease. The American journal of cardiology. 1998;81(6):672-7.
12-Rocha E, Paramo J. The relationship between impaired fibrinolysis and coronary heart disease: a role for PAI-1. Fibrinolysis. 2006;8(5):294-303.
13-Chandler WL. The human fibrinolytic system. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. 1996;24(1):27-45.
14-Wiman Br, Andersson T, Hallqvist J, Reuterwall C, Ahlbom A, deFaire U. Plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 complex and von Willebrand factor are significant risk markers for recurrent myocardial infarction in the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP) study. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2000;20(8):2019-23.
15-Munkvad S, Gram J, Jespersen J. A depression of active tissue plasminogen activator in plasma characterizes patients with unstable angina pectoris who develop myocardial infarction. European heart journal. 1990;11(6):525-8.
16-Nordenhem A, Wiman N. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) antigen in plasma: correlation with different tPA/inhibitor complexes. Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. 1998;58(6):475-84.
17-El-Sayed MS, Ali ZES, Ahmadizad S. Exercise and training effects on blood haemostasis in health and disease: an update. Sports medicine. 2004;34(3):181-200
18-Takada Y, Urano T, Watanabe I, Taminato A, Yoshimi T, Takada A. Changes in fibrinolytic parameters in male patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Thrombosis research. 1993;71(5):405-15.
19-Sugawara J, Hayashi K, Kurachi S, Tanaka T, Yokoi T, Kurachi K. Age-related effects of regular physical activity on hemostatic factors in men. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. 2008;26(3):203-10.
20-De Paz J, Lasierra J, Villa J, Vilades E, Martin-Nuno M, Gonzalez-Gallego J. Changes in the fibrinolytic system associated with physical conditioning. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology. 1992;65(5):388-93
21-Stratton JR, Chandler WL, Schwartz RS, Cerqueira MD, Levy WC, Kahn SE, et al. Effects of physical conditioning on fibrinolytic variables and fibrinogen in young and old healthy adults. Circulation. 1991;83(5):1692-7.
22-Hemati nafar, M; Kordi M R; Chubineh s; Chubineh s. The Effect of Six-weeks High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Fibrinolytic Factors (t-PA, PAI-1& t-PA/PAI-1) in Sedentary Young men. 2013; 7(5):77-89.
23-Baldari C, Guidetti L. A simple method for individual anaerobic threshold as predictor of max lactate steady state. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2000;32(10):1798-802.
24-Faude O, Kindermann W, Meyer T. Lactate threshold concepts. Sports medicine. 2009;39(6):469-90.
25-Eaton DL, Malloy B, Tsai SP, Henzel W, Drayna D. Isolation, molecular cloning, and partial characterization of a novel carboxypeptidase B from human plasma. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1991;266(32):21833-8.
26-Wang W, Hendriks DF, Scharpe SS. Carboxypeptidase U, a plasma carboxypeptidase with high affinity for plasminogen. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1994;269(22):15937-44.
27-Franco RF, Fagundes MG, Meijers J, Reitsma PH, Lourenço D, Morelli V, et al. Identification of polymorphisms in the 5'-untranslated region of the TAFI gene: relationship with plasma TAFI levels and risk of venous thrombosis. haematologica. 2001;86(5):510-7.
28-van Tilburg NH, Rosendaal FR, Bertina RM. Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and the risk for deep vein thrombosis. Blood. 2000;95(9):2855-9.
29-Cushman M. A prospective study of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) concentration and the TAFI-438A polymorphism in relation to venous thromboembolism: The longitudinal investigation of thromboembolism etiology (LIFE). XVIII ISTH Abstracts. 2001;974.
30-Verkleij CJ, Nieuwdorp M, Gerdes VE, M?rgelin M, Meijers JC, Marx PF. The effects of hyperglycaemia on thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2009;102(09):460-8.
31-Kahraman S, Bediz C?, Pi?kin ?, Aksu ?, Topçu A, Yüksel F, et al. The effect of the acute submaximal exercise on thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels in young sedentary males. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 2011;17(4):414-20.
32-Estellés A, Aznar J, Tormo G, Sapena P, Tormo V, Espa?a F. Influence of a rehabilitation sports programme on the fibrinolytic activity of patients after myocardial infarction. Thrombosis research. 1989;55(2):203-12.
33-Suzuki T, Yamauchi K, Yamada Y, Furumichi T, Furui H, Tsuzuki J, et al. Blood coagulability and fibrinolytic activity before and after physical training during the recovery phase of acute myocardial infarction. Clinical cardiology. 1992;15(5):358-64.
34-Gibala MJ, Little JP, MacDonald MJ, Hawley JA. Physiological adaptations to low?volume, high?intensity interval training in health and disease. The Journal of physiology. 2012;590(5):1077-84.
35-Rakobowchuk M, Tanguay S, Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Gibala MJ, MacDonald MJ. Sprint interval and traditional endurance training induce similar improvements in peripheral arterial stiffness and flow-mediated dilation in healthy humans. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2008;295(1):R236-R42
36-Zafeiridis A, Sarivasiliou H, Dipla K, Vrabas I. The effects of heavy continuous versus long and short intermittent aerobic exercise protocols on oxygen consumption, heart rate, and lactate responses in adolescents. European journal of applied physiology. 2010;110(1):17-26.
37-Babraj JA, Vollaard NB, Keast C, Guppy FM, Cottrell G, Timmons JA. Extremely short duration high intensity interval training substantially improves insulin action in young healthy males. BMC endocrine disorders. 2009;9(1):3.
38-Meyer P, Gayda M, Juneau M, Nigam A. High-intensity aerobic interval exercise in chronic heart failure. Current heart failure reports. 2013;10(2):130-8.
39-Rognmo ?, Hetland E, Helgerud J, Hoff J, Sl?rdahl SA. High intensity aerobic interval exercise is superior to moderate intensity exercise for increasing aerobic capacity in patients with coronary artery disease. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. 2004;11(3):216-22
40-Wisl?ff U, St?ylen A, Loennechen J, Bruvold M, Rognmo ?, Haram P, et al. Superior cardiovascular effect of aerobic interval training versus moderate continuous training in heart failure patients: A randomized study. Circu. 2007; 115 (24): 3086-3094. CONCLUS?O GERAL.
41.Abedi B, Mosafa N. Effects of interval training on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 on sedentary fat weman. 1396. Sciense article.
42-Fletcher GF, Balady GJ, Amsterdam EA, Chaitman B, Eckel R, Fleg J, et al. Exercise standards for testing and training: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2001;104(14):1694-740.
43-Borg GA. Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Med sci sports exerc. 1982;14(5):377-81.
44-Buchan DS, Ollis S, Young JD, Thomas NE, Cooper SM, Tong TK, et al. The effects of time and intensity of exercise on novel and established markers of CVD in adolescent youth. American Journal of Human Biology. 2011;23(4):517-26.
45-Van den Burg P, Hospers J, Van Vliet M, Mosterd W, Bouma B, Huisveld I. Changes in haemostatic factors and activation products after exercise in healthy subjects with different ages. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 1995;74(06):1457-64.
46-El-Sayed M, Lin X, Rattu A. Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis at rest and in response to maximal exercise before and after a physical conditioning programme. Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis: an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis. 1995;6(8):747-52.
47-Rankinen T, V?is?nen S, Rauramaa R. Acute dynamic exercise increases fibrinolytic activity. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 1995;74(02):281-6.
48-Gough S, Whitworth S, Rice P, Grant P. The effect of exercise and heart rate on fibrinolytic activity. Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis: an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis. 1992;3(2):179-82.
49-Szymanski LM, Pate RR. Effects of exercise intensity, duration, and time of day on fibrinolytic activity in physically active men. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1994;26(9):1102-8.
50-Korninger C, Wagner O, Binder B. Tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor in human plasma: development of a functional assay system and demonstration of a correlating Mr= 50,000 antiactivator. The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 1985;105(6):718-24.
51-Hamsten A, Wiman B, De Faire U, Blomb?ck M. Increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator in young survivors of myocardial infarction. New England Journal of Medicine. 1985;313(25):1557-63.
52-Paramo J, Colucci M, Collen D, Van de Werf F. Plasminogen activator inhibitor in the blood of patients with coronary artery disease. British medical journal (Clinical research ed). 1985;291(6495):573.
53-Mehta J, Lawson D, Saldeen T. Reduction in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake. American heart journal. 1988;116(5):1201-6
54-Kulaputana O, Macko RF, Ghiu I, Phares DA, Goldberg AP, Hagberg JM.Human gender differences in fibrinolytic responses to exercise training and their determinants. Experimental physiology.2005;90(6):881-7.
55-Kupchak BR, Volk BM, Kunces LJ, Kraemer WJ, Hoffman MD, Phinney SD, et al. Alterations in coagulatory and fibrinolytic systems following an ultra-marathon. European journal of applied physiology. 2013;113(11):2705-12.
56-Parker BA, Augeri AL, Capizzi JA, Ballard KD, Kupchak BR, Volek JS, et al. Effect of marathon run and air travel on pre-and post-run soluble d-dimer, microparticle procoagulant activity, and p-selectin levels. The American journal of cardiology. 2012;109(10):1521-5.
57-Conraads VM, Pattyn N, De Maeyer C, Beckers PJ, Coeckelberghs E, Cornelissen VA, et al. Aerobic interval training and continuous training equally improve aerobic exercise capacity in patients with coronary artery disease: the SAINTEX-CAD study. International journal of cardiology. 2015;179:203-10.
58-Azevedo L, Dos Santos M. High-intensity intermittent exercise training for cardiovascular disease. Journal of Novel Physiotherapies. 2014;4:1-8.
59-Ernst E. Regular exercise reduces fibrinogen levels: a review of longitudinal studies. British journal of sports medicine. 1993;27(3):175-6.
60-Wosornu D, Allardyce W, Ballantyne D, Tansey P. Influence of power and aerobic exercise training on haemostatic factors after coronary artery surgery. Heart. 1992;68(8):181-6.
61-Schroeder V, Chatterjeel T, Mehta H, Windecker S, Pham T, Devantay N, et al. Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) levels in patients with coronary artery disease investigated by angiography. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2002;88(12):1020-5.
62-Newby DE, Wright RA, Labinjoh C, Ludlam CA, Fox KA, Boon NA, et al. Endothelial dysfunction, impaired endogenous fibrinolysis, and cigarette smoking: a mechanism for arterial thrombosis and myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1999;99(11):1411-5.
Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Volume 18, Issue 3 - Serial Number 120
September and October 2019
Pages 287-300

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 July 2019
  • Revise Date: 05 August 2019
  • Accept Date: 14 August 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics