Evaluation of the Effect of Malva Parviflora Hydro-alcoholic Extract on Pain in Male Rat

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Physiology.Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Dezfoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezfoul, Iran.

2 Professor of Neuroscience.Department of Physiology, Research Center Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,Iran.

3 Associated Professor of Biology.Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Due to the low side effects of active ingredients of medicinal plants, they are considered appropriate alternatives to synthetic drugs. Malva periflora has anti-inflammation effects in folk and herbal medicine. In this study the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Malva parviflora were investigated.
Subjects and Methods: In this study seventy two Wister male rats were used: negative control group that received no treatment, sham group received normal saline (1ml), Test groups received respectively 100, 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg/Kg extract for 10 days by gavages. Positive control group received 600 mg/Kg extract with 300mg/Kg Aspirin intraperitoneally; Group received 600mg/Kg extract and naloxone (10 mg/Kg) intraperitoneally. Pain was tested by formalin test by subcutaneous administration of 50 µl formalin 2.5% in hindpow plantar.
Results: Malva extract had a dose-dependent anti-nociceptive effect on both acute and chronic pains induced by the formalin injection (P<0.05). In the acute phase Malva lost its analogesic effect due to the inhibitation of opioid receptor by naloxone. But in the inflammatory phase, this effect was weaker in comparison with aspirin. On the other hand, effective dose (600 mg/Kg) of extract with naloxone decreased significantly as compared to effective dose of extract alone.
Conclusion: Malva parviflora extract has flavonoid and anti-inflammatory compounds. Yet prostaglandins release could probably be decreased by inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity.So it reduces pain in chronic phase thanks to its anti-inflammatory properties.
 
 

Keywords

References

1-Barikbin B,  Maarefat A,  Rahgoshai R,  Moravvej H,  Mohtasham N,  Yousef M. Malva Sylvestris in the treatment of hand eczema. Iran J of Derma. 2010;13(4):131-4.
 
2-Noori Moogah S, Kameli M, Khanehzad M. Comparative Eevaluation of the Effect of Malva sylvestris and Bromhexine on Mucociliary System of Trachea in Chicken. JMP. 2013, 2(46):150-155.
3-Shokrollahi sh, Heshmat GH. A. Different Aspects of Mallow (Malva sylvestris) and Results of New Research Findings: A Review. J of Neyshabur Uni of Med Sci. 2016;4(1):1-8.
4-Mustafa A Ali M. New steroidal lactones and homomonoterpenic glucoside from fruits of Malva sylvestris L. J Acta Pol Pharm. 2011;68(3):393-401.
5-Hoodgar F, Nasri S, Amin GH. A, . Investigation of Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Hydro-alcoholic Extract of Securigera Securidaca L. .J Ofogh-e-Danesh. 2011;17(2):12-19.
6-Nacci M. D. Thousand Plants against Cancer without Chemo-Therap. 2008.
7-Sofiabadi M, Esmaeili M, Haghdost H, Ghaibi N. The effect of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. leaves extract on pain of male rats. J Yafteh. 2008;10(1):23-29.
8-Koo E.G, Lai L.M, Choi G.Y, Chan M.T. Systemic inflammation in the elderly. J Best practice & research Clinical anaesthesiology. 2011;25(3):413-25.
9-Farhan H, Rammal H, Hijazi A, Badran B. Preliminary phytochimical screening and extraction of polyphenol from stems and leaves of Albanese plant Malva parviflora. In J Curr Pharm Res. 2012;1(4):55-59.
10-Valizadeh Z, Rafie rad M. Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Leaf Extract of Kardeh (Biarum Bovei Blume) on the Blood Glucose and Lipid Peroxidation in Cerebral Tissues and Lipid Profile in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats. J OF DIAB and  OBES. 2017;8(1):16-23.
11-Arzi A, NazariKhorasgani Z, Rahmani M. Study the effects of malva sylvestris hydro-alcoholic extract onThecarrageenan-induced inflammation in male rat paw. Jentashapir. 2013;4(1):1-10.
12-Yazdinezhad A, Ramezanloo N, Mozaffari Sh. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of Heracleum persicumDesf. ex Fischer. Res J of Pharma. 2016; 3(2): 17-24.
13-Nijveldt R.J, Van-Hoorn D.E, Boelens P.G, Van-Norren K, Van-Leeuwer PA. Flavonoids: a review of probable mechanisms of action and potential applications. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;74(14):418-425..
14-Lister R. G. Ethologically-based animal models of anxiety disorders. Pharmacol Theo. 1990;4(6):231-240.
15-Frutuoso V.S, Monteiro M.M, Amendoeira F.C, Almeida A.L.F, Nascimnto DD, Bérenger A.L.R. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Rheedia longifolia Planch &amp. Triana Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 2007;102(1):91-96.
16-Salah M, Jager A.K. Screening of traditionally used Lebanese herbs for neurological activities. Journal of Ethnopharmacol. 2005;97(1):145-149.
17-Toker G, Kupeli E, Memisoglu M, Yesilada E . Flavonoids with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities from the leaves of Tilia argentea (silver linden). J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;92(2-3):393-397.
18-Ghasemi Pirbaluti A. Wound Healing Activity of Extracts of Malva sylvestris and Stachys lavandulifolia. International Journal of Biology. 2011;3(1):174-179.
19-Martha R, Gutierrez P. Evaluation of hypoglycemic activity of the leaves of Malva parviflora in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Funct. 2012; 3:420-427.
20-Rezaei A, Pashazadeh M, Alizadeh A, Mirzazadeh J, Javanian S.H. tudy of Sedation, Pre-anesthetic and Anti-anxiety Effects of Malva sylvestris Extract in Comparison with Diazepam in Rats SBull Env Pharmacol. Life Sci. 2013;2(10):24-28.
21-Necchi R.M.M, Ercolani C‚ Dalmora S.L, Manfron M.P. Anti inflammatory activity and concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids in the ethanolic extract of dodonaea viscosa(Sapindaceae). Saúde(SantaMaria). 2012;38(1):113-20.
22-Hunskaar S, Hole K. The formalin test in mice: dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain. J pain. 1987;30(1):5-17.
Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Volume 17, Issue 1 - Serial Number 112
March and April 2018
Pages 95-105

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 18 November 2017
  • Revise Date: 17 February 2018
  • Accept Date: 06 March 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics