Dose Enhancement Due to Injection of 79Au, 64Ga, 26Fe and 22Ti Nanoparticles into Tumor During HDR- 192Ir Brachytherapy Treatment: Monte Carlo Study

Zabihzadeh, Mansour; Arefian, Seyedeh Sahar; Shams, Nasim

Dose Enhancement Due to Injection of 79Au, 64Ga, 26Fe and 22Ti Nanoparticles into Tumor During HDR- 192Ir Brachytherapy Treatment: Monte Carlo Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mansour Zabihzadeh ¹

Seyedeh Sahar Arefian ¹

Nasim Shams ²

¹ Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

² Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Density, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objective: On the base of photon interactions with material, increase of atomic number and decrease of emitted photon energy increases photoelectric absorption. In the current study, the dose enhancement factor (DEF) of loaded tumor with nanoparticles (NPs) was studied using ¹⁹²Ir HDR brachytherapy source.
Subjects and Methods: Monte Carlo calculations were performed with MCNP4C code to determine the DEF from ¹⁹²Ir source. The NPs-water mixture model was simulated. Uniform distribution of NPs into the tumor volume located 1.5 cm from center of source centered in the water phantom with 7, 18 and 30 mgr/gr concentrations of ⁷⁹Au, ⁶⁴Ga, ²⁶Fe and ²²Ti, was considered.
Result: DEF of 1.049, 1.122, 1.201 and 1.033, 1.083 and 1.136 were estimated for ⁷⁹Au and ⁶⁴Gd with concentrations of 7, 18 and 30 mgr/gr, respectively. Increasing of tumor doses was not significant due to loading of ²⁶Fe and ²²Ti. Increase the radial distance of source from the tumor (from 1.5 to 5 cm) increases the DEF (up to 22.3%).
Conclusion: Our data predicate that loading of tumor with high-Z NPs such as gold NPs increase the absorbed dose of tumor irradiated to ¹⁹²Ir HDR brachytherapy source due to increase of photoelectric interactions. Increase of atomic number and concentration of NPs and radial distance of tumor from the source increase DEF. Loading of the tumor volume with NPs during radiation therapy improves therapeutic ratio.

Keywords

Dose enhancement factor

192Ir brachytherapy source

Monte Carlo simulation

Nanoparticles

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