The Study of Analgesic Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Ficuscarica Leaf in Rat by Formalin Test

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor of Pharmacology. Department of Pharmacology. Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Physiology Research Center Jundishapoor University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Pharmacognosy.Department of Pharmacognosy, Medicinal Plant Research Center,School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

3 Lecturer of Toxicology,Department of Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

4 Pharmacist.School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Whereas the available synthetic analgesic drugs have side effects, it seems tobe logical to using herbal medicines with few side effects. The purpose of this study was the evaluation of analgesic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of ficuscarica leaf and comparing it with morphine and aspirin.
Materials and Methods: This study was done on male rats of Wistar species. The animals were divided into nine groups (n= 6 rats). A negative control group received a single intraperitoneal dose of normal saline (5ml/kg). Two positive control groups received morphine (2.5 mg/kg) and aspirin (300 mg/kg) intraperitoneally, respectively. Five treatment groups received a single intraperitoneal dose of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of Ficuscarica leaves, and a group received hydroalcoholic extract (800mg/kg) with naloxon (1mg/kg).In this study, the analgesic effects were investigated via formalin test.
Results: The results showed that the 600, 800, 1000 mg/kg of extract had analgesic effects significantly different in comparison with negative control group. Our results showed that the analgesic effect (800 mg/kg) was less than aspirin on the second phase of pain and morphine on both pain phases. Naloxone could reduce the analgesic effect of extract on the second phase of pain. 
Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Ficuscarica leaf contains analgesic effects in both pain phases. It can be concluded that Ficuscarica leaf extract may induce its effect through opioid receptors activation.
 

Keywords

References

1-Azizian D. Flora of Iran.  No35 moraceae: Research institute of Forests and Rangelands. Tehran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands; 2001. p. 9-11.
 2-Zargari A. Herbal treatment. 4th ed. Tehran: Tehran Univ Pub; 1992. p. 438-47.
3-Çalişkan O, Aytekin Polat A. Phytochemical and antioxidant properties of selected fig (Ficus carica L.) accessions from the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Scientia Horticulturae. 2011;128(4):473-8.
4-Vaya J, Mahmood S. Flavonoid content in leaf extracts of the fig (Ficus carica L.), carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) and pistachio (Pistacia lentiscus L.). Biofactors 2006;28(3-4):169-75.
5-Singab AN, Ayoub NA, Ali EN, Mostafa NM. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of Egyptian moraceous plants against carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in rats. Pharm Biol 2010;48(11):1255-64.
6-Gond NY, Khadabadi SS. Hepatoprotective Activity of Ficus carica Leaf Extract on Rifampicin-Induced Hepatic Damage in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2008;70(3):364-6.
7-Lazreg Aref H, Gaaliche B, Fekih A, Mars M, Aouni M, Pierre Chaumon J, et al. In vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activities of Ficus carica latex extracts. Nat Prod Res 2011;25(3):310-9.
8-Ali B, Mujeeb M, Aeri V, Mir SR, Faiyazuddin M, Shakeel F. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of Ficus carica Linn. leaves. Nat Prod Res 2012; 26(5):460-5.
9-Oliveira AP, Valentão P, Pereira JA, Silva BM, Tavares F, Andrade PB. Ficus carica L.: Metabolic and biological screening. Food Chem Toxicol 2009;47(11):2841-6.
10-Canal JR, Torres MD, Romero A, Perez C. A chloroform extract obtained from a decoction of Ficus carica leaves improves the cholesterolaemic status of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Acta Physiol Hung 2000;87(1):71-6.
11-Krishna GM, Pallavi E, Ravi KB, Ramesh M, Venkatesh S. Hepatoprotective activity of Ficus carica Linn. leaf extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. DARU 2007;15(3):162-6.
12-Patil Vikas V, Shandavi SC, Bhangal E, Vijay RP. Studies on immunomodulatory activity of Ficus Carica. Int J Pharm Pharmac Sci 2010;2(4):97-9.
13-Sulaiman MR, Hussain MK, Zakaria ZA, Somchit MN, Moin S, Mohamad AS, et al. Evaluation of the antinociceptive activity of Ficus deltoidea aqueous extract. Fitoterapia 2008;79(7-8):557-61.
14-Malairajan P, Gopalakrishnan G, Narasimhan S, Jessi Kala Veni K. Analgesic activity of some Indian medicinal plants. J Ethnopharmacol 2006;106(3):425-8.
15-Harborne JB. Phytochemical methods; a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. 2nd ed. London: Chapman and Hall; 1984.
16-Rosland JH, Tjølsen A, Maehle B, Hole K. The formalin test in mice:effect of formalin concentration. Pain 1990;42(2):235-42.
17-Shibata M, Ohkubo T, Takahashi H, Inoki R. Modified formalin test: characteristic biphasic pain response. Pain 1989;38(3):347-52.
18-Heidari MR, Azad EM, Mehrabani M. Evaluation of the analgesic effect of Echium amoenum Fisch & C.A. Mey. extract in mice: possible mechanism involved. J Ethnopharmacol 2006;103(3):345-9.
19-Perez C, Canal JR, Torres MD. Experimental diabetes treated with ficus carica extract: effect on oxidative stress parameters. Acta Diabetol 2003;40(1):3-8.
20-Patil VV, patil VR. Evaluation of anti- inflammatory of Ficus Carica Linn leaves. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 2011;2(2):151-5.
 
Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Volume 11, Issue 4 - Serial Number 79
July and August 2017
Pages 383-392

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 20 June 2011
  • Revise Date: 16 August 2011
  • Accept Date: 04 March 2012

Share

How to cite

Statistics