Effectiveness of Theory Based Education on Medication Adherence in Older Adults with Hypertension

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Psychiatry,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Public Health.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Public Health.Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.

Abstract

Background and Objective: Effective control of hypertension is essential step for reducing its complications. ThisQuasi-experimental study tested the effectiveness of theory-based educational intervention to improve antihypertensive adherence behavior among elderly patients. 
Subject and Methods:One hundred and forty older adults who were taking at least 1 antihypertensive medication were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Intervention-group participants received three 35 min educational sessions based on need assessment and behavioral theory associated with motivational interviewing. Self-administrative questionnaire was used for measuring demographic and psychological variable and anti-hypertension adherence. Data were described using SPSS 17.0 and analyzed by statistical tests such as T test, Mann-Whitney U tests and Wilcoxon.
Results: Average age of participants was 68.15 ± 11.3 y and approximately 55% of patients were female. Average duration of diagnosis of hypertension in patients was 14.8 y. A non-significant difference was noted in baseline regarding outcome variable specially medication adherence (MA) between groups. At the end of the education, the intervention group had significant change in antihypertensive MA than did the control group (P < 0.001). Systolic (from 142.5 to 134.2) and diastolic (from 86.3 to 81.4) BP improved in intervention group in follow up measurement in the treatment group (P < 0.05). Psychological variables that impact on medication adherence were significantly different in pre –and- post assessment (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Results showed that theory-based training with motivational interviewing have the potential to improve medication adherence in elderly patients with hypertension.

Keywords

References

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Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal
Volume 16, Issue 2 - Serial Number 107
May and June 2017
Pages 161-174

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History

  • Receive Date: 28 June 2016
  • Revise Date: 31 December 2016
  • Accept Date: 13 June 2017

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