Scorpion venom is a valuable source of biologically active components which mainly are variable peptides and proteins with pharmacological potential. So identification of scorpion venom glands can introduce new potent pharmacological active components to facilitate development of new drugs. In addition, determining the envenomation factors could help to produce specific antivenoms for scorpion sting treatment. Applying new methods to identify scorpion venom compounds can increase accuracy, efficiency, and productivity. Transcriptomics and proteomics have provided a good opportunity to identification of these compounds in recent years. Transcriptomics provides detailed information about venom peptides and toxins by analyzing gene expression in the venom gland, while proteomics provides complementary and complementary data by directly identifying proteins and examining post-translational modifications (PTM). The combination of these two methods which is known as venomics, provides an integrated view of the molecular structure and function of scorpion venom and has led to the discovery of novel bioactive molecules that can be used in the design of new drugs against a wide range of diseases such as cancers, resistant bacterial infections, and neurological disorders. This review article examines the key role of these technologies in the identification of scorpion venom compounds and discusses future prospects for pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.