Introduction: Hydatidiform mole (HM) is a rare gestational trophoblastic disease characterized by abnormal growth of trophoblastic tissue. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with hydatidiform mole among patients referred to Shahid Beheshti Educational Hospital in Abadan from 2018 to 2022.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 67 patients diagnosed with hydatidiform mole who referred to Shahid Beheshti Educational Hospital in Abadan during 2018–2022. Data were collected by reviewing medical records using a checklist that included demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and clinical status. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 and Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.
Results: Of the 67 patients, 6 (9%) had complete mole and 61 (91%) had partial mole. No significant difference was observed in the frequency of mole types according to age, ethnicity, occupation, and education level. However, a significant association was found between the spouse’s occupation and mole type; the prevalence of complete mole was higher among patients whose spouses were government employees (P=0.032). In addition, uterine size larger than gestational age and history of vaginal bleeding were associated with a higher frequency of complete mole (P=0.029).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that spouse’s occupation, uterine size larger than gestational age, and history of vaginal bleeding may be important risk factors for hydatidiform mole. These findings may contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and could potentially pave the way for developing preventive strategies and early interventions.