مقایسه‌ی تاثیر یک دوره تمرین منتخب مقاومتی در دو شدت متفاوت بر برخی شاخص‌های متابولیکی در دختران جوان فعال

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی.گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

2 استاد گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی.گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 مربی گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی.گروه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: تمرینات مقاومتی به عنوان بخش مهمی از برنامه های آمادگی و تندرستی زنان شناخته شده است، اما اثر این نوع تمرینات در شدت‌های مختلف برعوامل آسیب و رشد عضلانی در دختران به طور کامل مشخص نیست. لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر شش هفته تمرین مقاومتی در دو شدت متفاوت برشاخص‌های منتخب متابولیکی در دختران جوان فعال انجام شده است.
روش بررسی: 36 دختر فعال دانشجو (با میانگین سنی 3/1±7/20 سال، وزن 3/1±4/58 کیلوگرم، قد9/0±1/164 سانتی‌متر شاخص توده بدن 5/0±1/23 کیلوگرم بر مترمربع) داوطلبانه در این طرح شرکت کرده و به  سه گروه تمرین مقاومتی با شدت زیاد( 70-90 درصد یک تکرار بیشینه، 12نفر)، تمرین مقاومتی با شدت کم( 40-60درصد یک تکرار بیشینه، 12نفر) و گروه بدون ورزش( کنترل، 12نفر) تفکیک شدند. سپس دو گروه تجربی به مدت شش هفته به تمرینات مقاومتی پرداختند. نمونه‌ها‌ی خونی قبل و 24 ساعت پس از پایان پروتکل تحقیق جهت اندازه‌گیری سطوح کراتین کیناز، هورمون رشد، تستوسترون، کورتیزول و عامل رشد شبه انسولینی گرفته شد.
یافته ها: نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه تفاوت معنی‌داری در هورمون رشد(006/0‌p≤)، تستوسترون(05/0‌p≤) و کورتیزول(03/0‌p≤) و تفاوت غیر معنی‌دار در کراتین کیناز(17/0‌p≤) و عامل رشد شب انسولینی(27/0‌p≤) بین 3 گروه نشان داد. در نتیجه آزمون تعقیبی هورمون رشد گروه‌های تمرین مقاومتی با شدت بالا و پایین نسبت به گروه کنترل(به ترتیب 007/0 p≤و 03/0‌p≤)، تستوسترون گروه تمرین مقاومتی با شدت کم  نسبت به کنترل(05/0‌p≤) و کورتیزول گروه تمرین مقاومتی شدید نسبت به گروه کنترل(02/0‌p≤) افزایش معنی‌دار نشان دادند.
نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد بین تمرین مقاومتی پر شدت و کم شدت تفاوت معنی‌داری از نظر تاثیر بر سطوح شاخص‌های متابولیک عضلانی دختران جوان فعال وجود ندارد.

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